![]() She had a short run on The Real Housewives of Orange County and was not invited for the later seasons. After their divorce, she secured a $5 million beach mansion, Bentley, Range Rover, and $31,000 a month of spousal support. Vargas and Bernt were married for five years before she filed for divorce in April 2017, and it got finalized in July 2020. He is the former CEO of one of the largest seafood companies in the US, American Seafoods. #RHOOC /ZD5IoGhon7- Real Housewives By RW October 15, 2020īernt is a Norwegian-American businessman, former musician, and partner in Rock N Roll Fantasy Camp. The two were married for 20 years but recently finalized their divorce in July 2020. Bodal is the CEO and large shareholder of American Seafoods. The Daily Mail reported on the shocking story as it. Despite having left the show, Vargas was back in the news recently. He might soon become a billionaire, as his businesses are very successful.Įlizabeth’s ex Bernt Bodal, has an estimated net worth of $200 million. Elizabeth Vargas’ ex-boyfriend allegedly threatened her at her home. However, Elizabeth's ex-husband, Bernt Bodal, is quite rich as his net worth is $200 million, reports Celebrity Net Worth. He is Vargas's ex-boyfriend, and the couple never got married as they only dated for a brief period. Bodal” was born on June 14, he’s 6 feet 1 inch tall, and weighs about 76 kilograms as of the 2023 update.Ryan Geraghty's net worth details are currently private. The famous Elizabeth Vargas Ex-husband “Bernt O. ![]() How much is Bernt Bodal Net Worth in 2023 by ForbesĪccording to our research, we found out that the famous Norwegian-American businessman “Bernt Bodal” has an estimated net worth of $200 million as I’d the 2023 update. Is he alive or dead?Īccording to our research, he is still alive as of the 2023 update. Who is Bernt Bodal Ex-Wife Elizabeth Vargas?īernt Bodal is married to one of the influential American journalists popularly known as “Elizabeth Anne Vargas” she’s an American television journalist who is the lead investigative reporter/documentary anchor for A&E Networks, and the current host for Fox’s revival of America’s Most Wanted. Bernt is also a partner in Rock N Roll Fantasy camp). He earns money of his money from his professional career (he’s the former CEO of American Seafoods, one of the largest seafood companies in the US. The famous Norwegian-American businessman “Bernt Bodal” has multiple sources of income that enable him to skyrocket his net worth to over $200 million as of the 2023 update. He stopped the music after moving to the United States, his dream of becoming a Rockstar vanished, and switched focus to the business. He released three albums with his band and has performed with several musicians including Sammy Hager, Roger Daltry, and Pearl Jam’s Eddie Vedder. He had an interest in music from an early age and still has. He currently worth over $200 million as of the 2023 update. Bernt is also a partner in Rock N Roll Fantasy Camp. He’s the former CEO of American Seafoods, one of the largest seafood companies in the US. Bodal simple called “Bernt Bodal” was born on June 14, 1953, in Oslo, Norway. As part of his decision to retire from active participation in the company, Bodal resigned as chair of the organization’s Board of Directors. Bernt Bodal retired from the American Seafoods Company in May 2017 after more than 25 years of service. He was appointed CEO of the company and served in that capacity until 2017. Then, in 1999, he teamed up with investors to buy his company, American Seafoods. ![]() Bernt Bodal Net Worth & Careerīernt saved enough money after completing a few minor jobs to start his own business. He currently has ma estimated net worth of $200 million as of the 2023 update. He is known to many as the ex-husband of Elizabeth Vargas. Peter Madrigal Net Worth Who is Bernt Bodal?īernt Bodal is one of the most celebrated, and successful Norwegian-American businessmen.
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![]() Each of the sensors provided viable matches for all of the test colors. I measured each color in the four corners of its square and in the middle for a total of five scans per color, per sensor. It's important to calibrate each time you pair these devices with the app. Simply put the cap over the sensor, and allow the device to scan it. Pico and Color Muse both come with a calibration cap with a pure white spot on it. Nix comes precalibrated and doesn't require any work on your end. Scanning for paint colorĬolor sensors generally require calibration to produce an accurate result. A few of my results included brands like Kelly Moore, which is unavailable east of Kansas City. Because the Color Muse app includes such a wide library of US paint brands, I'd recommend filtering results down to just the ones you know you can get at stores near you. Color Muse included all six brands and was also the simplest app to use. The Pico app currently only includes two of the brands I tested, with more promised in future updates. Disappointing as that was, I decided to filter the Nix results to match the paint brand I used. It won't display matches across multiple brands at once. Within the Nix Paints app, you can only select one brand at a time. Still, their operation isn't always straightforward. Screenshot by Molly Price/CNETĮach of the apps includes a library of paint brands and even collections within those brands. The Nix Paints app identifies colors well, but only allows matching one brand at a time. The colors they'll recommend to you are actually really close to the original paint, at least for the most part. That doesn't mean these sensors don't work. Yes, of course painting your entire wall will give you the optimal result. ![]() It might sound hopeless, but it makes sense. Painting the entire wall will gain you optimal results. We recommend testing this on a hidden section of your wall. The match will be close but may not be invisible. Here's what Color Muse has to say about using its device for paint matching:ĭue to the variables in the measurement results, paint color swatch reproduction, paint mixing and the fact that paint on walls fades over time, it is challenging to get an absolute perfect "touch up" match. The disclaimers are present on paint swatches from the store, on phone apps and on the sensor packaging. No matter which device you use, you'll be met with a range of disclaimers about light, mixing, texture and lots of other things that can affect how paint appears to your eye. With my boards painted and dry, it was time to measure. Next, I applied two coats of paint to each sample square, allowing each coat to dry for 24 hours before applying the next one. It was the recommendation of the paint counter associate at Lowe's, and because it's formulated for brand-new drywall and untinted, it was unlikely to affect the paint colors on top of it. To prepare my test walls, I primed the 2-foot square pieces of brand-new drywall with Valspar's untinted drywall primer. However, they reported the same color readings down the line from flat to high-gloss. To test how high-gloss, matte or other variations in paint sheen affect results, I also measured different sheens across the colors I choose, as well as a sheen swatch. The sheen of a paint can affect the way your eyes see color, but color sensors are designed to see through it to the pigment beneath. You might be wondering about the impact of sheen on the above results. There are definitely more than 50 shades out there, and the "greige" trend just complicates matters more. Grays are incredibly popular in interior design right now, and can appear cool or warm and everywhere in between. Too deep and it appears almost purple, too light and it takes a turn toward orange, yet most people have an idea of what true red looks like. Red came to mind because it's such a classic color that's tricky to get just right on a wall. ![]() For the second board, I wanted a bold and visual primary color. ![]() If a different type of bobbin case is being utilized, it may not fit properly into place and cause further issues. It is also important to ensure the bobbin case being used is compatible with the your SINGER model. Additionally, use a compressed air canister or an air compressor to blow out any dust or debris that may have accumulated. ![]() This can be done by taking a cotton swab and gently wiping around the inside of the bobbin holder’s latch area, as well as the needle plate groove that holds it in place. If this does not work, the bobbin case may need to be cleaned. It may be helpful to slightly adjust its position by gently pressing down on it with a pencil eraser while simultaneously pushing up on the bobbin case latch with a pin. In order to address this issue, check whether or not the bobbin holder’s finger is properly seated in the small groove located in the needle plate. ![]() Troubleshooting SINGER Brilliance 6180 bobbin holder problems Don’t waste any time trying to solve this problem-instead, replace worn-out bobbin cases or utilize ones specific for your machine model. Most likely, dirt or incorrect models of bobbins are to blame. SINGER Brilliance 6180 Sewing Machine Bobbin Holder Came Out? It can be an annoying issue when the bobbin holder is removed, and then not properly fit back into place. SINGER Brilliance 6180 bobbin holder problems Lastly, if all else fails, replace your bobbin case with a new one – this should resolve any remaining issues you may be experiencing.Thirdly, adjust the tension dial on the side of your machine clockwise until you find the appropriate tension setting.Second, examine your needle plate to ensure it’s adjusted correctly by loosening its screw and pushing it up or down evenly with your feed dog. ![]() First, make sure that the bobbin is installed properly with the thread running in a counterclockwise direction and the black tab of the case aligned with the notch in its middle.If you’re having trouble getting the bobbin tension set correctly on your Singer Brilliance 6180, there are several potential solutions. Troubleshooting SINGER Brilliance 6180 bobbin tension problems Fortunately, alleviating this problem is rather straightforward with some simple solutions. It’s common knowledge that SINGER Brilliance 6180 machines often experience bobbin tension issues, which can be attributed to a variety of factors like an improperly affixed thread or misaligned needle plate. SINGER Brilliance 6180 sewing machine bobbin tension problems Finally, if the bobbin case is damaged, you should replace it.īy following these steps, you’ll be able to minimize any thread problems and keep your machine running smoothly.The tension on the bobbin may also need adjusting and you should take care that dirt isn’t around the area of the bobbin case.If a short or worn bobbin tail is used, this puts excessive tension on the thread which could lead to breakage use a new one with a longer tail.Additionally, if the bobbin case isn’t inserted correctly into the machine then it can cause problems with the thread breaking always make sure it’s properly positioned.An overwound bobbin can lead to too much tension and breaks in the thread, so be careful not to overfill it.If bobbin thread is low or out, make sure there is adequate thread on the bobbin before starting a project.If the wrong type of bobbin is used, thread breakage may occur always use the correct type for your machine.It’s important to be aware of the common issues that might arise with the SINGER Brilliance 6180 bobbin thread and how you can resolve them. Troubleshooting SINGER Brilliance 6180 bobbin thread problems With the right steps, you can avert thread breakage and other problems while crafting your project. If you’re using a SINGER Brilliance 6180 sewing machine, then it is essential that you troubleshoot and fix common bobbin thread issues to avoid costly disruptions. Common SINGER Brilliance 6180 bobbin thread problems Keep reading and learn more about resolving regular SINGER Brilliance 6180 problems. This article will provide a thorough guide on understanding those common issues and teaching you how to fix them. The SINGER sewing machine is the perfect tool for your needs! However, just like any mechanical device, it can develop issues over time. SINGER Brilliance 6180 Common Problems and Troubleshooting To celebrate the strong bond between two female besties, use this timeless phrase – Ride or Dye. Whether it’s an emotional rollercoaster ride or a fun road trip adventure, you can always count on that special someone to be by your side. They offer unconditional love and emotional support. They will be there most when you need them. When life throws you a curveball, you can always rely on your Ride or Dye friend to have your back. It’s all about embracing your differences and never giving up on each other, no matter what. It is a term for when two best friends do everything together and never leave each other’s side. Ride or Dye is a perfect slang phrase for girl best friends. No matter what slang words you use to describe your girl best friend, there’s no denying that she’s someone special. Every girl needs a best friend who accepts her flaws and loves her despite them. ‘Better Half’ – these two words perfectly capture the special bond between two girls. A relationship like this is invaluable and should never be taken for granted. Your better half will be there if you’re celebrating life’s milestones or need a shoulder to cry on. It refers to someone who knows and understands you better than anyone else.įrom sharing secrets to looking out for each other, your “better half” is the person you can always count on. When it comes to having a girl best friend, there’s no one better than your “better half”. They may be your ‘bestie’, but they’re much more than that and deserve to be treated as such. Make sure to let them know how much they mean to you. So if you’re lucky enough to call someone your soulmate, cherish them. Whether it’s an inside joke that only the two of you understand or an unspoken bond shared between you, there is no doubt that soulmates are one-of-a-kind. Having a soulmate is a blessing, as these special friendships can last a lifetime. They will always be there to celebrate your successes and pick you up when you feel down. They know your heart better than anyone else. These special people have seen you through life’s biggest moments-the good, the bad, and the ugly. ![]() They are your closest confidante, the friend to whom you can tell anything. Soulmates are more than just best friends. So don’t forget to show your appreciation for your homegirl every day. It’s something special that only they understand. No other type of friendship can compare to the bond between two homegirls. Homegirls are like having a sister by your side at all times.Ī friend who knows everything about you and loves you anyway. ![]() They never judge no matter what you do and know how to make you laugh even in the worst moods. They’re always there for you when things get tough. ![]() You two have a special bond that will never break. No one understands you as your girl best friend does. With a BFF, you never feel alone and can count on them for anything. It doesn’t hurt that they also provide some of the best advice. They have each other’s backs no matter what and always ensure their best friend is in good spirits.įrom staying up late to talk about crushes to going on shopping sprees, BFFs know how to make every moment count. This slang word means that no matter what, you’ll always be there for each other. Having a girl best friend like this is truly something special. They never judge and always know how to make you feel better. They celebrate all your wins with you and support you even in the toughest times. A ride-or-die best friend stands by your side through thick and thin. ![]() Transient acute insomnia differs from insomnia disorder in duration and cause. Transient acute insomnia lasts less than three months, while chronic insomnia persists for three months or longer. Insomnia is split into two main categories: transient acute and chronic. Eliminate people with symptoms lasting less than one month, or whose symptoms can’t be explained by a psychiatric or medical condition, and the number drops even further, to 6%. If the diagnosis of insomnia requires that the sleeper feel impaired during the day due to lack of sleep, then the number drops to 10%. ( 1) Depending on how the term is applied, up to 30% of people have insomnia at any given time. Insomnia is the world’s most common sleep disorder. If you feel you may be suffering from any sleep disorder or medical condition, please see your healthcare provider immediately. Note: The content on Sleepopolis is meant to be informative in nature, but it shouldn’t take the place of medical advice and supervision from a trained professional. ![]() Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or falling back to sleep. Sleep disorder clinic / sleep specialist - a sleep specialist is a medical doctor who has undertaken specialised training in the field of sleep medicine.Insomnia From the Latin insomnis, meaning sleepless.exposure to bright light in the morning.medication to help set up a new sleeping routine.a sleep diary, to help pinpoint the pattern of insomnia.Some of the techniques used by a sleep disorder clinic might include: It might take some time to re-establish normal sleeping patterns. Insomnia that has persisted for years needs professional support and a lot of patience. Avoid ‘judging’ your sleep on a day-to-day basis.Get up at the same time every morning regardless of how much sleep you have had.If you can’t sleep, get up, go to another room and do something else until you feel sleepy again. ![]() Stop reading, worrying or watching television in bed and limit your activities in the bedroom to sleeping and sex.Do something to relax, such as meditate or have a warm bath.Don’t exercise strenuously before bedtime. ![]() Avoid tea, coffee and other caffeinated drinks before bed.Reducing anxiety and sticking to a day–night routine can improve sleep quality. Allow yourself to fall short of the ideal without getting anxious about it. Having less sleep than you’d like doesn’t cause any harm. It helps to stop expecting a set amount of sleep every night. Paradoxically, this emotional state contributes to keeping them awake, starting a vicious cycle. People who suffer from insomnia are normally frustrated or annoyed by it. Idiopathic insomnia – sleeplessness without a known cause, formerly called childhood onset insomnia.Primary sleep disorders – include circadian rhythm disorders, central sleep apnoea-insomnia syndrome, inadequate sleep syndromes and periodic limb movement or restless legs syndromes.Secondary insomnia – due to a range of medical and psychiatric problems and the chronic use of drugs and alcohol.There are many causes of persistent insomnia. If a person has experienced sleeping difficulties for a month or more, this is called persistent or chronic insomnia. Normal sleeping habits return once the acute event is over. Transient or short-term insomnia is typically caused by such things as stressful life events, jet lag, changes in sleeping environments, some acute medical illnesses and stimulant medications. Over one third of people experience insomnia from time to time, but only around five per cent need treatment for the condition. What seems like insomnia to one person might be considered a good sleep by another. While the average night’s sleep for an adult is around eight hours, some people only need five, while others like up to 10 hours or more. The concept of ‘a good sleep’ differs widely from person to person. Long-term chronic insomnia needs professional support from a sleep disorder clinic. Self-reported sleeping problems, dissatisfaction with sleep quality and daytime tiredness are the only defining characteristics of insomnia. This may be caused by difficulties in either falling or staying asleep. It means being concerned with how much you sleep or how well you sleep. ![]() And on top of that, it accurately captures off-speed recordings, which is something a lot of you have been asking about. This means you’ll be able to shoot 8K RAW with a frame-accurate ProRes proxy and upload the 8K RAW, the proxy (or both) as fast as your internet allows. ProRes files are supported for playback on Frame.io, so these high-quality files are available to view, share, and edit without requiring additional transcoding. It’s a workflow designed to support our commitment to high-end, professional cinema workflows by providing many of the same benefits of an OCF-to-cloud workflow, but requiring less network and processing infrastructure. Imagine the workflows you can build when you can upload 8K OCFs straight from the camera.īut what’s even more significant about this integration in the immediate future is that it enables a native ProRes proxy workflow that contains every ounce of asset metadata available in the camera. And for productions that want the highest quality dailies, RAW video and audio files can be synced, color corrected, and transcoded in the cloud through our integration with Colorfront. ProRes files can be automatically delivered right to production offices and cutting rooms for immediate editing. Virtual productions or complex visual effects can send OCF directly to the VFX house. Think about it: productions that shoot on stages can deliver original camera files (OCF) directly to the post house as they’re being shot. Camera to Cloud with RED V-Raptor and V-Raptor XL unlocks the biggest workflow improvement in more than a decade and begins to remove the delays every creative team has been accustomed to with shipping drives. While this currently requires access to high-bandwidth networking (wireless or ethernet), it represents the next tangible step toward the future of cloud-based RAW workflows. The RED V-Raptor (L) and V-Raptor XL can upload 8K RAW files to the cloud. But with this new innovation (available in late 2022), the RED V-Raptor and V-Raptor XL are able to upload 8K REDCODE RAW files directly to the cloud from the camera. Since day one, RED cameras have been C2C enabled through the use of the Teradek CUBE 655. ![]() This is more than just a technological first-it’s a snapshot of the way every creative will work in the future. ![]() With the Camera to Cloud integration now built directly into the cameras, we’ve taken the next step toward the cloud-based workflow we’ve been envisioning-no additional hardware, and no hard drives required. ![]() New partnerships with RED and Fujifilm are now removing the barrier of needing to physically move media. Today, at Adobe MAX, we’re announcing the next leap forward in connecting cameras to the cloud. “We’ve taken the next step toward the cloud-based workflow we’ve been envisioning-no additional hardware, and no hard drives required.” Best-in-class integrations with Teradek, Atomos, and FiLMiC Pro have made it possible to shoot virtually any kind of project and have immediate viewing and editing access from anywhere in the world. In that time, our C2C Connections community has also expanded with dozens of new partnerships, and the number of cameras with C2C compatibility has increased exponentially. And what an 18 months it’s been since then! More than 5,000 productions have used Camera to Cloud, and we’ve heard from directors and producers-for series like WeCrashed, live sports events for the Golden State Warriors, and field shoots for Red Bull Media-that it’s changed the way they work by dramatically increasing the speed of creative collaboration and the flexibility of their workflows. Why? Because for the past 100 years of film and video production, we lived with the inconvenient disruption of needing to download or ship some sort of physical media in order to edit or share it.Įighteen months later, we officially launched Frame.io Camera to Cloud (C2C) with two hardware partners-Teradek for video and Sound Devices for audio. When I joined Frame.io three years ago, we announced our intention to embark on a new path to connect the production community to the cloud.
![]() You can also use the logical operators and and or to combine two or more expressions together. If you want to filter packets sent or received by a specific host, use the src or dst argument with the command. To get the packet details for a particular host: tcpdump -interface any -c 5 host 112.123.13.145 The above-mentioned command will only retrieve packets transmitted through the specified port. Similarly, if you want to filter the output using the port number: tcpdump -interface any -c 5 port 50 To capture only TCP packets, type: tcpdump -interface any -c 5 tcp You can filter the packets according to various fields including the host, protocol, port number, and more. That's where the filtering feature in tcpdump comes into play. When you're troubleshooting an issue, getting a big block of text output on your terminal doesn't make it easier. The aforementioned command will capture ten packets from any active network interface. You can override this default behaviour by specifying the count of packets you want to capture beforehand using the -c flag. While running the tcpdump command for the first time, you might notice that the system continues to capture network packets until you pass an interrupt signal. The last field ( length 33) contains the length of the overall packet captured by tcpdump. There are several other fields that follow the window size, including the Maximum Segment Size (MSS). ![]() The ninth field in the output accommodates the window size ( win 309), which is the number of bytes available in the receiving buffer. On the receiver's end, the Ack number is the value of the next packet. The packet captured in the sender's machine has 1 as the acknowledgment number. The next field holds the acknowledgment number ( ack 1), or simple Ack number. The first packet always has a positive integer value, and the succeeding packets use the relative sequence number to improve the flow of data. Moving further in the output snippet, the next field contains the sequence number ( seq 196:568) of the data in the packet. For example, FLAG stands for a FIN-ACK packet. The output can also contain a combination of several TCP flags. Source : One Thousand Museum The double-height aquatic center and its indoor pool overlook downtown Miami. Source : One Thousand Museum The fitness center comes with strength and cardio training equipment. Source : One Thousand Museum One Thousand Museum has more than 30,000 square feet of recreation areas for socializing, working out, swimming, and more. The residences come with oversized terraces with views of the Miami skyline, Biscayne Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean. Source : One Thousand Museum All residences include Crestron home automation systems. The residences range from four-bedroom to six-bedroom units. Source : One Thousand Museum Floor-to-ceiling windows let in plenty of Florida sunshine. Source : One Thousand Museum Each residence spans either a half floor or the entire floor. Source : One Thousand Museum From the lobby, residents can access their condos via high-speed elevators. One Thousand Museum A sculptural porte cochere entrance offers residents privacy from the street as they enter the building. ![]() ![]() The tower has a distinctive “exoskeleton” exterior that’s made up of more than 4,800 pieces of glass-fiber-reinforced concrete that were shipped from Dubai. One Thousand Museum is one of the last designed by famed Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid, who was nicknamed “Queen of the Curve” before her death in 2016. A Miami skyscraper designed by a legendary architect is complete after seven years and almost $300 million in construction costs, The Wall Street Journal reports. Take a look inside the 700-foot luxury tower. Sales and marketing are being handled by ONE Sotheby’s International Realty. “We wanted it to function like a five-star hotel,” one of the developers, Louis Birdman, told the Journal. Residents have access to lavish amenities including a private rooftop helipad, a sky lounge, a double-height aquatic center with an indoor swimming pool, a juice bar, and a beauty salon. The rest are selling for $5 million for a half-floor residence to upwards of $25 million for a full floor. The tower, called One Thousand Museum, includes 84 luxury residences, about 64% of which have already been sold since sales started in 2013, according to the developer. The 62-story building is one of the last designed by legendary Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid, who was nicknamed “Queen of the Curve” before her death in 2016. It has a distinctive “exoskeleton” exterior that’s made up of more than 4,800 pieces of glass-fiber-reinforced concrete shipped from Dubai. ![]() Miami’s eye-catching “ exoskeleton” skyscraper is finally complete after seven years and almost $300 million in construction costs, Candace Taylor reported for The Wall Street Journal.
![]() Generally the transmitter antenna works better if it is in roughly the same plane as the receiver antenna eq. Try hanging the antenna straight up or down. A longer wire doesn't autornaticaliv work better. Try a length of wire attached to the antenna to see if that improves the periormance remember that there is a premium lenath for the antenna. Move the aerial around to get the strongest signal.Ģ. Tune the receiver rather than the transmitter. Tune the approximate frequency to a clear part, of tile dial around 100 Mhz and try transmitting. Generally the wire antenna supplied is fine but extending and/or shortening the length of the antenna could be tried if reception is poor.ġ. Premium transmission often requires the antenna to be moved around to suit the location of the Receiver and other conditions. There are even now a few projects contributed by others - send your own over in a pull request if you would also like to add to this collection.E transmitter antenna is a short piece of insulated wire and connected to the PCB by soldering to a Circuit-board Pin at the antenna point on the PCB. ![]() See the individual projects for credits where due. the many great electronics YouTube channels e.g.įeel free to borrow liberally, and if you spot any issues do let me know.The projects are usually inspired by things found wild on the net, or ideas from the sources such as: Intended to learn and explore something interesting (IMHO!). Some are full-blown projects, while many are trivial breadboard experiments, Usually involving an Arduino or other microprocessor in one way or another. LEAP is just my personal collection of projects, This page is a web-friendly rendering of my project notes shared in the One transistor AM transmitter (Stefan0719).Here’s some video from the bench, where I’m testing boththe performance of the transmitter, but alsoĪn HX208-2 AM Receiver built from a kit, with a commercial Tecsun receiver as a benchmark. The placement of the variable resistor R1 provides limited scope to adjust the bias point and even out the modulation of the carrier. Where the modulating signal is primarily pulling down the positive bias of Q1. This is to be expected given the circuit design, The modulation is unbalanced, favouring the high-side of the wave. The modulation is very clean, as can be seen from the peak scope trace below. I ran some tests with a 1kHz sine wave input. The spectrum confirms that virtually all harmonic content has been eliminated: Prior to adding the output filter network, 2nd, 3rd and 4th etc harmonics were quite prominent.Īt maximum carrier frequency, the output is very close to pure sine wave. The spectrum shows just the first harmonic having much power. The scope trace on CH1 is captured at the output/antenna (safe-ish since this is only a low-power circuit): Running at minimum carrier frequency, note the somewhat skewed sine wave. Interestingly, there is a resonant spot at around 1453.62kHz where the output peaks at 17.2V peak-peak (with a 9V battery). The carrier is very close to a pure sine wave at the higher frequencies,Īnd only minor distortion at the lower end. ![]() With the component values as given in the schematic, I’m seeing a carrier wave tuning range ofĨ19.49kHz to 1580.96kHz. Testing the carrier with the modulation input disconnected. Since things were going quite well on a breadboard, I transferred to some copper PCB stock for a more stable experimental platform: Since there’s no effective output amplification, the signal is quite weak and can only be received within a range of 30cm or so. This produces a carrier tuning range of 819.49kHz to 1580.96kHz with minimal distortion across the range. In the final build I’ve moved the variable capacitor in parallel with the fixed capacitor C3 and adjusted the values somewhat. ![]() The downside to this arrangement was significant distortion of the carrier wave outside of a “sweet spot” of tuning. The original design of the carrier oscillator had C3 in series with L1 and a variable capacitor. I’ve added additional filtering on the output and harmonics are now tamped down quite significantly (the C7,L2,C8 T-filter). While the original circuit worked quite well off the bat, it did not do a very good job of attenuating harmonic content. I first experimented with the same circuit on a breadboard, and it worked surprisingly well. I found a one transistor AM transmitter design posted on YouTube by Stefan0719,Īnd this was the starting point and inspiration for my experimentation. This is where low-power AM transmitters can be very useful. Have any local AM broadcasts it can be a challenge to verify that things are indeed working correctly. Building a low power, single transistor AM transmitter with surprisingly good fidelity.īuilding AM receivers is very good practice for understanding the technology of radio, however since we no longer |
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